Location

Aleppo, Syria

Year

1922

Item Detail

Herman Kreider’s tribute following the murder of Lester James Wright, October 1922

Context

Nellie Marie Miller Mann (1897–1997) was a Mennonite volunteer from Elkhart, Indiana, who served as secretary to the treasurer of Near East Relief headquarters in Beirut from 1921 to 1923.

A graduate of Goshen College and member of Prairie Street Mennonite Church, she was one of only two Mennonite women to serve in the Near East through the Mennonite Relief Commission during this period. From her desk in the Beirut office, Mann processed correspondence and financial records while the organization managed the evacuation of tens of thousands of Armenian orphans from Cilicia into Syria. She witnessed the Smyrna disaster refugee crisis of 1922 and the murder of NER worker Lester James Wright by bandits near Aleppo.

The collection includes personal and official correspondence, NER administrative reports, field accounts of relief operations in Syria and Cilicia, and documents related to the deaths of NER workers Lester James Wright and Menno Shellenberger. Mann’s letters to her family and fiancé Cleo Mann provide a rare firsthand account of daily life at NER headquarters during one of the organization’s most intense operational periods.

View in the Digital Archive
  • Holding Institution

    Rockefeller Archive Center

  • External Link

  • Attribution

    Nellie Miller Mann Series (Series 14), Near East Foundation Records (FA406), Rockefeller Archive Center. Courtesy of David Mann.

  • Rights

    Some materials may be protected by U.S. copyright law. Materials are presented for non-commercial research and educational use under fair use. Uses beyond fair use may require permission from the copyright owner. Responsibility for rights determination and compliance rests with the user.

  • Notes

    Kreider was a Mennonite from Hesston, Kansas, serving as NER treasurer in Aleppo. See Letters from Syria, pp. 154–159.

    David W. Mann published his mother’s writings in Letters from Syria, 1921–1923 (2013) and donated the original materials to the Near East Foundation.

  • Document Contents

    Memorial tribute by M.E. Kreider of the NER Aleppo Unit, prepared for the October 30, 1922, service at the Anglo-American Church in Beirut for Lester James Wright, who was killed by brigands on the evening of Friday, October 27, 1922, while returning from Antioch to Aleppo.

    Kreider describes Wright’s relief work at Malatia, where he kept roughly eight hundred children alive — many losing their eyesight from disease — while himself surviving an attack of typhus that nearly killed him, with the nearest competent physician sixty miles away; the long, repeated overland caravans by which Wright led groups of one to four hundred orphans across Anatolia to a railhead bound for Syria, sometimes scattered by attacks; and his arrival in Aleppo on October 25 with a final group of two hundred Greek orphans, after which he accepted Mr. Enoch B. Applegate and Dr. and Mrs. Mylrea’s invitation to visit Antioch and was killed in the ambush of their party on the return road. The funeral, at half past two on Monday afternoon, October 30, drew about two hundred attendees; Mr. Hall of the American University of Beirut delivered the address with a reading from Matthew 25:31–40, and Rev. W. Nesbitt Chambers and Rev. James H. Nicol led the prayers, the latter reading Revelation 21:1–7.

Kreider’s tribute to Lester James Wright, 1922